This section establishes the "Data Management" framework. Learners understand the importance of data integrity, the "Garbage In, Garbage Out" principle. By the time you complete this lesson, you'll be able to: distinguish between data entry, management, and analysis, navigate the Excel and SPSS interfaces confidently, and identify appropriate data types and levels of measurement (Nominal, Ordinal, Scale).

final step of the lifecycle. Learners transform their findings into professional reports and dashboards that drive action. By the time you complete this lesson, you'll be able to: build interactive dashboards using Slicers and Pivot Charts in Excel, customize SPSS output tables and charts for publication, and export results to Word or PowerPoint for final reporting.